Water
Topics include water pricing, allocation, efficiency, water-rights trading, and policy simulation. Water can enter a CGE model as a constraint on production and consumption, as a factor, as an intermediate input, or in a hybrid treatment.
Land
Standard CGE models typically distinguish agricultural and mining land. GTAP-AEZ adds land-use and cover types (agro-ecological zones). A finer treatment allocates land by function across industries—cropland to agriculture, forest land to forestry, and so on.